Soal No.85 Literasi Bahasa Inggris
TEXT 1
An actor creates and performs a character by using cognitive empathy or Theory of Mind (ToM). It is the ability to represent others’ mental states. ToM plays a critical role in understanding and navigating social situations. Reflection into the character's mental life depends on the actor’s approach to character performance. This may be an important part of the character-creation process. This process involves the exploration of the history, motivations, beliefs, and values of the character. This exploration often goes well beyond the information contained within the script. In other words, for many actors, creating a character involves a complex application of ToM, which includes several brain regions such as the temporoparietal junction and posterior cingulate/precuneus.
The temporoparietal junction works in processing and judgments of self and others. According to some studies, overcoming self–other interference and ToM is a deeply integrated process. Findings show that simulating others has been shown to influence self-knowledge. In this simulation, trait and memory measures become similar to a simulated other after adopting their perspective. Some brain regions are deactivated when trained actors use the first-person fictional perspective of a character to answer questions. This is in contrast to a situation when actors answered questions from their own perspective. It suggests that acting may involve the suppression of self-processing.
(Adapted from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
TEXT 2
According to a recent study, when actors take on a new character, they may be able to suppress their everyday self. This implies that theatre training may have a big impact on the fundamental mechanisms of the human brain. Researchers in this study worked in collaboration with Flute Theatre. They created and delivered interactive productions of Shakespeare for autistic individuals and their families. They used a series of sensory drama games, known as the Hunter Heartbeat Method.
The team used wearable brain imaging technologies and physiological measurement devices. They were first introduced at UCL's Department of Biomedical Engineering. Both devices were used to evaluate the brain activity of actors as they rehearsed scenes from Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream.
The findings showed that when the actors heard their own name during the performance, their response was suppressed in the left anterior prefrontal cortex of the brain. This is usually associated with self-awareness. The same result was witnessed consistently in six actors who were tested when rehearsing several times over a week. Meanwhile, when the performers were not in acting conditions, they responded normally to hearing their own name.
According to the lead researcher, this is the first time that neuroscientists have been able to record brain activity in actors as they perform a role. We hope that this study will help us understand what theatre training does to the brain and to build new connections between neuroscientists and theatre professionals.
(Adapted from https://www.sciencedaily.com)
The results of the evaluation of actors’ brain activity when performing a character can be found in ….
Pertanyaan ini meminta Anda untuk menentukan di mana hasil evaluasi aktivitas otak aktor saat memerankan karakter dapat ditemukan dalam kedua teks yang diberikan.
Jawabannya adalah B: Teks 1 Paragraf 2 dan Teks 2 Paragraf 3.
Penjelasan:
- Dalam Teks 1 Paragraf 2, dibahas tentang peran beberapa wilayah otak (seperti junction temporoparietal) dalam proses akting. Khususnya, bagaimana area-area ini terlibat dalam simulasi orang lain dan kemungkinan deaktivasi selama penggambaran karakter.
- Dalam Teks 2 Paragraf 3, diberikan temuan spesifik dari sebuah studi yang menunjukkan bagaimana aktivitas otak aktor, terutama di korteks prefrontal anterior kiri, dipengaruhi saat mereka mendengar nama mereka sendiri saat sedang berakting. Ini menunjukkan penekanan kesadaran diri selama berakting.
Kedua paragraf ini bersama-sama memberikan gambaran lengkap tentang temuan penelitian yang berkaitan dengan aktivitas otak pada aktor ketika mereka sedang dalam proses memerankan sebuah karakter. Ini menunjukkan bagaimana akting memengaruhi aktivitas otak, khususnya dalam konteks penekanan proses-proses yang berkaitan dengan kesadaran diri.
Soal latihan akan terus ditambahkan setiap bulan.